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What Are Anxiety Disorders? People with anxiety disorders experience anxieties and fears that aren't proportional to a specific situation or, in the case of generalized anxiety disorder, about a wide range of situations. They also experience difficulty in managing their symptoms. The symptoms of anxiety disorders manifest in childhood. The cause of anxiety disorders is unclear. However, genes and life experiences may play a part. Symptoms An anxiety disorder is diagnosed if you experience anxiety or worry that is difficult to manage. It could affect your daily life. Anxiety disorders may include generalized anxiety (GAD), panic, obsessive compulsive disorder, and phobias. GAD is characterized as overwhelming and uncontrollable anxiety. They may experience difficulty concentrating and be constantly worried about their health, money or work. The signs of panic disorder are brief, intense moments of anxiety or discomfort that happen without warning and may cause symptoms like chest pain, heart palpitations, difficulty breathing, or dizziness. People with phobias experience fears of certain objects or situations, or even places. Examples include heights, spiders, or enclosed spaces. OCD is defined by the repetition of compulsive behaviors used to combat anxiety and reduce the associated feelings of tension. People with post-traumatic stress disorder have difficulty letting go of upsetting, frightening memories, which result in nightmares and flashbacks. The causes of anxiety disorders have not been thoroughly understood. However, they are likely to involve a combination factors. There is evidence that suggests that genetics and the environment are both important. For example, generalized anxiety disorder tends to be passed down through families, and traumatizing or stressful events in childhood increase the risk for developing an anxiety disorder. People with chronic medical illnesses and those who use alcohol or other drugs are more likely to develop an anxiety disorder. The positive side is that many anxiety disorders respond well to treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, as well as medication can help ease the symptoms of anxiety disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that teaches people how to think and react in a way that helps them feel less anxious. Medications, such as anti-anxiety medicines and beta-blockers, which are used to treat high blood pressure, may help with physical symptoms like a shaking or rapid heartbeat. A healthcare provider will determine the most effective dosage and medication for each patient. Early treatment can make the treatment of anxiety disorders easier. Diagnosis Most people experience anxiety at some point, for example prior to presenting a speech or taking tests. If these feelings persist and uncontrollable, they disrupt your daily life it could be a sign that you have an anxiety disorder. A mental health professional will determine whether you suffer from anxiety disorders by using the criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. They will inquire about your symptoms, the time they first began, how long they have been present, whether they are getting worse, and how they affect your daily life. They will also test for other conditions that could cause similar symptoms, for example depression or a thyroid condition. Different kinds of anxiety disorders have different symptoms. Your doctor will determine which type is causing your anxiety and create a treatment plan. This could include psychotherapy, medication or both. Some people are at greater risk of developing an disorder than others. This includes those who have a family history of anxiety or other mental health issues and children who are exposed to or witness traumatic events, and those who suffer from medical conditions, such as systemic lupus and rheumatoid arthritis or sleep apnea. Anxiety is more likely to occur in conjunction with other physiological or mental ailments, such as depression or cardiovascular disease. People with an anxiety disorder are often unable to admitting that they have a problem, and seeking treatment. This is often due to social stigma, a lack of awareness that anxiety disorder is an incurable illness or a lack of access. Anxiety disorders can be difficult to treat, but with the right treatment, many people get better. Talk to your doctor about the ways to manage anxiety and stick to your treatment program. Be sure you adhere to the prescribed dosage and attend therapy appointments. Also, avoid nicotine and alcohol, as they can make your anxiety symptoms worse. Talk to your family and friends, and join a group of friends with the same issue. This will help you manage and share your tips with others. Include your family members in your treatment and attempt to stop the cycle of worry by spending more time doing things you love, such as hobbies or sports. Treatment Certain types of anxiety disorders can be treated with psychotherapy, medication or other complementary health techniques. The medications used to treat anxiety include antidepressants as well as benzodiazepines. Some people may have to test a variety of medications before finding the one that is effective for them. Caffeine, certain over-the-counter medications and prescriptions, as well as illicit substances and herbal supplements may aggravate anxiety symptoms and interact with prescribed medications. Any changes in the use of drugs should be discussed with a physician. A combination of therapy and medication is often the best way to treat anxiety disorders. Therapy can help you learn to manage your symptoms and work on changing your negative thoughts and beliefs that cause anxiety. Therapy can also help you practice relaxation and stress-reducing techniques like deep muscle relaxation, meditation and breathing exercises. Cognitive behavioral therapy is among the most effective treatments for anxiety. It teaches you to think and behave in a way that lessens anxiety. Exposure therapy is another option, where you gradually confront the things that trigger anxiety. It can also include complementary approaches to health such as acupuncture or mindfulness. If you suffer from severe anxiety, a doctor can prescribe a short-term course of benzodiazepines that act quickly to ease your symptoms. If you have suicidal feelings you must visit the emergency room. The medications can relieve symptoms however they cannot treat anxiety disorders. They do not eliminate the underlying cause and must be taken regularly. Some of the most successful treatments for anxiety disorders combine psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, such cognitive behavioral therapy or expose therapy. You can avoid some signs of anxiety by doing regular exercise, avoiding unhealthy foods and drinking alcohol in moderation. Getting enough sleep and avoiding nicotine can help. Maintaining social connections is essential to avoid loneliness and anxiety symptoms. You can search the ADAA Find-a Therapist database to find a Therapist near you, or visit BetterHelp, a service that connects clients with licensed therapists for as little as $49. The following is a list with preventions. Humans are programmed to feel anxiety and fear when certain circumstances arise. Our bodies prepare us to defend ourselves against or escape from a threat. But, if these feelings linger and begin to affect our daily lives and become a problem, it's considered to be an anxiety disorder. The symptoms of anxiety are caused by many factors including stress, genetics, and trauma. The good news is that many people who have an anxiety disorder can overcome it with assistance of treatment. In the beginning, you must discuss your symptoms with your primary health care provider. Your doctor will evaluate your condition and refer you to mental health professionals if necessary. Some of the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders is psychotherapy and medication. Talk therapy can help you learn to manage your emotions and alter negative thought patterns that fuel your anxiety. Medications can help reduce the symptoms and help you to concentrate on healthy behavior. Antidepressants are among the medications used to treat anxiety. Beta blockers and benzodiazepines are a couple of examples. Relaxation techniques like meditation and deep breathing can help to reduce anxiety. Avoiding substances that can alter your mood, for example caffeine, can also help. In addition, exercising regularly can lower your stress levels. Try to be more social or find a new hobby if you're having difficulty coping with anxiety. It is important to know that anxiety disorders usually begin in the early years of adolescence or childhood and can be passed down through families. Some people who have been through a difficult period in their life, such as childhood abuse or a loss that was severe, could be more at risk of developing an anxiety disorder. The USPSTF recommends that adults as well as postpartum and pregnant women be screened for anxiety disorders. Those at higher risk of developing an anxiety disorder should be assessed on a case-by-case basis, taking into account their individual risks and advantages. In the absence evidence-based guidelines on screening frequency, physicians should make use of their clinical judgment when evaluating risk factors, comorbidities and life events of a patient to determine if further screening is necessary.